Mammogram: Your First Line of Defence Against Breast Cancer

A mammography test in an imaging test that uses a very low-dose X-ray to examine breast tissue. It is a vital test that helps identify early changes in the breast. This test is particularly useful when an individual doesn’t come up with symptoms or warning signs, or when the breast cancer is too small to feel. Detecting issues at an early stage can greatly improve treatment outcomes.

Mammography is used both a diagnostic and screening tool.

Why is a mammogram done?

Here are the purposes for obtaining a mammogram scan:

• Screening Mammogram: This is recommended for women who do not have any noticeable symptoms of any abnormal tissues. Its purpose is to detet early signs of breast cancer so that treatment can begin at the earliest possible stage. It is especially advised for women who may be at a higher risk of breast cancer.
• Diagnostic Mammogram: This type of scan is performed when there are specific concerns such as breast lumps, nipple discharge, thickening of the nipples, breast pain, and skin alterations of the breast. With the availability of 3D mammography, clinicians can obtain highly detailed images, allowing earlier and more accurate diagnosis. When caught early, localised cancers can be removed without resorting to breast removal (mastectomy).

Procedure

After arriving at the diagnostic facility, a trained mammography technologist will exmplain the process and answer any questions. You will be asked to change to a hospital gown and stand in font of the mammography machine. The machine will be adjusted to your height and then your breast will be positioned on the platform. A compression plate will gently press the breast to flatten the tissue for a clear image. X-rays are then taken, usually from two different angles.

The compression might cause slight discomfort to breasts but it should not hurt. This helps create better visualisation and reduce the amout of exposure. During the procedure, you may be asked to change the positions slightly and hold your breath when each image is taken. The entire procedure should take about 20 minutes, with each breast compression lasting a few seconds each.

After the test, a radiologist will review the images and a BI-RADS score, which guides further steps, if needed. Results are typically shared with patients within 10 days, with a detailed report provided soon after.

Research has shown that yearly mammograms can help find early cancers when they are most curable. It is felt that women should have a yearly mammogram starting at age 40.

Mammography test cost may vary depending on the type of scan (2D or 3D), the facility, and the city where the test is performed.

Disclaimer: This information is for general awareness only and should not be considered as professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised guidance.